diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 231a3a4..ac5ffb3 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,2 +1,273 @@ + # TurboCobalt +> **High-Performance Desktop Multi-Tool for Software Developers** + +📘 **Project Specifications** + +**Version:** 1.0 +**Core System:** STM32G491 (Arm Cortex-M4F @ 170MHz) +**Operating System:** FreeRTOS +**Development Status:** Design Phase +**Target Market:** Professional Software Development Tools + +## Table of Contents + +- [1. Concept Overview](#1-concept-overview) +- [2. System Architecture](#2-system-architecture) +- [3. Component Selection & Rationale](#3-component-selection--rationale) +- [4. Bill of Materials (BOM)](#4-bill-of-materials-bom) +- [5. Hardware Architecture](#5-hardware-architecture) +- [6. Software Architecture (FreeRTOS Tasks)](#6-software-architecture-freertos-tasks) +- [7. Operational Modes](#7-operational-modes) +- [8. System Data Flow Summary](#8-system-data-flow-summary) +- [9. Technical Specifications](#9-technical-specifications) + +--- + +## 💡 1. Concept Overview + +TurboCobalt is a high-end desktop multi-tool designed for software developers. It merges retro-analog aesthetics with modern digital power to provide: + +- **Analog Monitoring:** PC resource tracking (CPU/RAM) via physical galvanometers +- **Audio Synthesis:** 2 channel sound engine via I2S protocol +- **Interactive Interface:** Graphical LCD and rotary encoder for system navigation +- **Industrial Gateway:** USB bridge to fieldbus protocols (CAN-FD, Modbus/RS485) + +### Key Design Principles + +- **Real-Time Performance:** FreeRTOS ensures deterministic response times +- **Professional Grade:** Industrial-standard communication protocols +- **Developer Focused:** Productivity tools integrated into hardware +- **Extensible Architecture:** Modular design for future enhancements + +--- + +## 🏗️ 2. System Architecture + +```mermaid +graph TB + PC[PC/Host Computer] --> USB[USB-C] + USB --> MCU[STM32G491
ARM Cortex-M4F] + + subgraph MEM ["Memory Subsystem"] + EEPROM[24LC512
64KB EEPROM] + PSRAM[APS1604M
16MB PSRAM] + RTC[DS3231
RTC + Battery] + end + + subgraph ANALOG ["Analog Monitoring"] + PWM1[PWM + Filter] --> GAL1[CPU Meter
SO-45] + PWM2[PWM + Filter] --> GAL2[RAM Meter
SO-45] + end + + subgraph AUDIO ["Audio Chain"] + I2S[I2S Interface] --> DAC[PCM5102
Audio DAC] --> OUT[🎵 Audio Out] + end + + subgraph UI ["User Interface"] + LCD[128x64 Display
NHD-C12864LZ] + ENC[Rotary Encoder
+ Button] + end + + subgraph FIELDBUS ["Industrial I/O"] + CAN_TX[TJA1050] --> CAN_BUS[CAN-FD Bus] + RS485_TX[MAX485] --> MODBUS[Modbus RS485] + end + + subgraph PWR ["Power"] + POWER[USB 5V] --> LDO[3.3V Regulator] + end + + MCU -.-> MEM + MCU --> ANALOG + MCU --> AUDIO + MCU --> UI + MCU --> FIELDBUS + LDO --> MCU +``` + +--- + +## 🔧 3. Component Selection & Rationale + +### Primary MCU: STM32G491 + +**Selection Criteria Met:** +- **Performance:** 170MHz ARM Cortex-M4F with DSP instructions +- **Audio Processing:** Hardware CORDIC accelerator for real-time synthesis +- **Connectivity:** Integrated CAN-FD controller eliminates external chips +- **Memory:** 128KB SRAM sufficient for FreeRTOS + audio buffers +- **Package:** LQFP-80 provides adequate I/O for all peripherals + +**Key Advantages:** +- Mathematical accelerator reduces CPU load for audio algorithms +- Advanced timer units enable precise PWM generation for galvanometers +- Fast ADC enables potential future analog input expansion + +### Memory Subsystem + +| Component | Part Number | Capacity | Interface | Purpose | Rationale | +|-----------|-------------|----------|-----------|----------|-----------| +| EEPROM | 24LC512 | 64KB | I2C | Config Storage | Non-volatile, reliable for settings | +| PSRAM | APS1604M | 16MB | SPI/QPI | Audio Buffer & Samples | Premium capacity, 144MHz, future-proof | + +### 📊 **PSRAM Capacity Analysis** + +**Calculated Requirements:** +- **Audio Buffers (48kHz, 24-bit, 2ch):** ~200KB (multiple buffers + safety margin) +- **Sample Storage:** ~10-15MB (extensive soundbanks, high-quality samples, user recordings) +- **Communication Buffers:** ~50KB (USB, CAN-FD, Modbus queues) +- **UI Graphics Buffer:** ~50KB (advanced display cache, animations, menus) +- **System Overhead:** ~200KB (FreeRTOS heap extension) + +**� Selected: APS1604M 16MB PSRAM** +- **Studio-Grade Capacity:** 1000+ high-quality samples (24-bit, 48kHz) +- **Multi-Project Storage:** Multiple soundbanks and user configurations +- **Advanced Features:** Real-time convolution, complex synthesis algorithms +- **Recording Capability:** Store user recordings directly to PSRAM +- **Performance:** 144MHz clock - fastest available option +- **Future-Proof:** Extensive room for firmware expansion + +### Audio Chain + +**DAC Selection: PCM5102** +- 24-bit resolution, 192kHz sampling rate +- I2S interface directly compatible with STM32 +- Low THD+N: 0.0008% typical +- Self-clocking eliminates need for external crystal + +### Analog Indicators + +**Galvanometer Choice: SO-45 Series** +- Vintage aesthetic with modern reliability +- Fast response time (<200ms full scale) +- Linear voltage-to-deflection characteristics +- Standard 0-5V input range matches PWM filtering + +--- + +## 🛠️ 4. Bill of Materials (BOM) + +### Core Components + +| Category | Component | Part Number | Specs | Rationale | +|----------|-----------|-------------|-------|------------| +| **MCU** | Microcontroller | STM32G491RET6 | 170MHz ARM-M4F, 512KB Flash | CORDIC accelerator + CAN-FD integrated | +| **Memory** | PSRAM | APS1604M-3SQR | 16MB, 144MHz SPI/QPI | Premium audio capacity + performance | +| **Memory** | EEPROM | 24LC512-I/P | 64KB I2C | Non-volatile config storage | +| **RTC** | Real-Time Clock | DS3231SN | ±2ppm, I2C, Battery backup | Precision timekeeping | +| **Audio** | DAC | PCM5102A | 24-bit, 192kHz I2S | Studio-grade audio quality | +| **Display** | LCD | NHD-C12864LZ | 128x64, SPI | Professional readability | +| **Analog** | Galvanometer (x2) | SO-45 | 0-5V, <200ms response | Vintage aesthetic + reliability | +| **CAN** | Transceiver | TJA1050T | CAN-FD compatible | Industrial fieldbus standard | +| **RS485** | Transceiver | MAX485CSA | Full-duplex RS485 | Modbus communication | + +### Technology Choices Summary + +**🎯 Key Design Decisions:** +- **STM32G491:** Best-in-class for audio (CORDIC) + industrial connectivity (CAN-FD) +- **16MB PSRAM:** Premium capacity enabling studio-grade sample storage +- **PCM5102:** Professional DAC with excellent THD+N performance +- **SO-45 Galvanometers:** Authentic retro aesthetic with modern reliability +- **I2S Audio Chain:** Eliminates noise, ensures digital precision to DAC +- **SPI/QPI Memory:** High-speed access for real-time audio processing + +--- + +## ⚡ 5. Hardware Architecture + +### 🖥️ Processing & Memory + +- **MCU:** STM32G491 (High-performance, CORDIC math accelerator for audio, integrated FDCAN) +- **EEPROM (I2C):** 24LC512 (64 KB) for presets, logs, and persistent configuration storage +- **PSRAM (SPI/QPI):** APS1604M (16MB) for extensive audio sample storage and real-time processing +- **RTC:** DS3231 for precise alarm and clock functions + +### 🔌 Connectivity & I/O + +- **USB:** Main USB-C interface supporting Composite Device Classes: CDC (Data) and HID (Keyboard/Control) +- **Audio:** I2S bus connected to an external DAC (e.g., PCM5102) +- **Display:** Newhaven NHD-C12864LZ (128x64 pixels) via high-speed SPI +- **Indicators:** 2x SO-45 Galvanometers driven by filtered PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) outputs + +### Fieldbus Ports + +- **CAN-FD Port:** Dedicated connector via TJA1050 (or equivalent) transceiver +- **RS485/Modbus Port:** Dedicated connector via MAX485 (or equivalent) transceiver + +--- + +## 💻 6. Software Architecture (FreeRTOS Tasks) + +The FreeRTOS implementation ensures low-latency audio processing and responsive UI handling by isolating critical tasks. + +| Task Name | Priority | Description | +|-----------|----------|-------------| +| Task_Audio | 1 (Critical) | Signal synthesis and I2S DMA buffer management | +| Task_USB_Comm | 2 (High) | USB stack management, receiving PC stats and HID commands | +| Task_Gateway | 3 (Medium) | Packet routing between USB and CAN/Modbus interfaces | +| Task_UI | 4 (Medium) | NHD display refresh and rotary encoder debouncing/logic | +| Task_Sensors | 5 (Low) | Periodic RTC, Temperature, and EEPROM housekeeping | + +--- + +## ⚙️ 7. Operational Modes + +- **Studio Mode:** Operates as a standalone synthesizer or MIDI controller +- **Monitor Mode:** Visualizes real-time dev-machine performance (CPU/RAM load) +- **Gateway Mode:** Acts as a transparent bridge between the PC and industrial buses (CAN/Modbus) +- **Dev-Tool Mode:** Physical password vault (HID injection) and Pomodoro productivity timer + +--- + +## 🔄 8. System Data Flow Summary + +### Primary Data Paths + +- **PC → USB:** Streams CPU/RAM utilization data to the MCU +- **STM32 → PWM:** Maps data to voltage levels to move the SO-45 needles +- **STM32 → I2S:** Outputs real-time generated waveforms to the audio DAC +- **External Bus ↔ STM32 ↔ USB:** Bi-directional data transit for CAN/Modbus debugging + +### Performance Metrics + +- **USB Latency:** <1ms for HID commands +- **Audio Latency:** <5ms buffer (configurable) +- **Galvanometer Update Rate:** 60Hz +- **Display Refresh Rate:** 30Hz +- **CAN/Modbus Throughput:** Up to 1Mbps (CAN-FD), 115.2kbps (RS485) + +--- + +## 📋 9. Technical Specifications + +### Power Requirements + +- **Input:** USB-C 5V, 500mA maximum +- **Consumption:** + - Idle: ~150mA @ 5V + - Active Audio: ~300mA @ 5V + - Peak (All peripherals): ~450mA @ 5V + +### Environmental Specifications + +- **Operating Temperature:** 0°C to +70°C +- **Storage Temperature:** -40°C to +85°C +- **Humidity:** 10-90% RH, non-condensing +- **Dimensions:** TBD (Desktop form factor) + +### Compliance & Standards + +- **USB:** USB 2.0 Full Speed compliant +- **CAN:** ISO 11898-1 (CAN-FD) +- **RS485:** TIA/EIA-485-A +- **EMC:** Designed for CE marking compliance +- **Safety:** Low voltage, USB powered design + +### Development Tools + +- **RTOS:** FreeRTOS v10.x +- **HAL:** STM32 HAL Driver +- **Debug:** SWD interface with ST-Link +- **Version Control:** Git-based workflow \ No newline at end of file